Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles

Gavin Harper (), Roberto Sommerville, Emma Kendrick, Laura Driscoll, Peter Slater, Rustam Stolkin, Allan Walton, Paul Christensen, Oliver Heidrich, Simon Lambert, Andrew Abbott, Karl Ryder, Linda Gaines and Paul Anderson ()
Additional contact information
Gavin Harper: University of Birmingham
Roberto Sommerville: University of Birmingham
Emma Kendrick: University of Birmingham
Laura Driscoll: University of Birmingham
Peter Slater: University of Birmingham
Rustam Stolkin: University of Birmingham
Allan Walton: University of Birmingham
Paul Christensen: University of Birmingham
Oliver Heidrich: University of Birmingham
Simon Lambert: University of Birmingham
Andrew Abbott: University of Birmingham
Karl Ryder: University of Birmingham
Linda Gaines: Argonne National Laboratory
Paul Anderson: University of Birmingham

Nature, 2019, vol. 575, issue 7781, 75-86

Abstract: Abstract Rapid growth in the market for electric vehicles is imperative, to meet global targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, to improve air quality in urban centres and to meet the needs of consumers, with whom electric vehicles are increasingly popular. However, growing numbers of electric vehicles present a serious waste-management challenge for recyclers at end-of-life. Nevertheless, spent batteries may also present an opportunity as manufacturers require access to strategic elements and critical materials for key components in electric-vehicle manufacture: recycled lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles could provide a valuable secondary source of materials. Here we outline and evaluate the current range of approaches to electric-vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling and re-use, and highlight areas for future progress.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1682-5

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