COP28 and Environmental Federalism: Empirical Evidence from an Emerging Economy, India

Lekha Chakraborty (), Amandeep Kaur (), Ranjan Kumar Mohanty () and Divy Rangan
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Lekha Chakraborty: National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
Amandeep Kaur: National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
Ranjan Kumar Mohanty: National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
Divy Rangan: National Institute of Public Finance and Policy

Working Papers from National Institute of Public Finance and Policy

Abstract: Against the backdrop of COP28, this paper investigates the impact of intergovernmental fiscal transfers (IGFT) on climate change commitments in India. Within the analytical framework of environmental federalism, we tested the evidence for Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) using a panel model covering 27 Indian States from 2003 to 2020. The results suggest a positive and significant relationship between IGFT and the net forest cover (NFC) across Indian States. The analysis also suggests an inverse-U relationship between Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) and the environmental quality, indicating a potential Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for India. The findings substantiate the fiscal policy impacts for climate change commitments within the fiscal federal frameworks of India, and the significance of IGFT in increasing the forest cover in India. This has policy implications for the sixteenth Finance Commission of India in integrating a climate change related criterion in the tax transfer formula in a sustainable manner.

Keywords: Environmental Federalism; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers; Government Expenditures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E6 H5 H7 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 18
Date: 2024-02
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-agr, nep-ene, nep-env and nep-inv
Note: Working Paper 406, 2024
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