No matter how you slice it: The persistence and pervasiveness of disproportionate punishment for Black students

Sean Darling-Hammond and Eric Ho
Additional contact information
Sean Darling-Hammond: University of California, Los Angeles
Eric Ho: McGraw Hill

No khtsa, SocArXiv from Center for Open Science

Abstract: Scholastic punishment is harmful. A governmental review of 2013-14 data indicated that Black students were overrepresented among those experiencing punishment in a variety of contexts. In the intervening decade, new data has emerged, schools have implemented policies to reduce racial disparities, researchers have highlighted new methods of measuring disparities, and pundits have reignited debates about the degree and pervasiveness of disparities. Clarity is needed. Are Black students experiencing more exclusion and punishment than their peers? If so, of what kinds and in what contexts? This article responds by reviewing the most recent federal data, measuring Black overrepresentation across six types of punishment, three comparison groups, sixteen subpopulations, and seven types of measurement. We generate 1,581 unique estimates of Black overrepresentation and find evidence that no matter how you slice it, Black students are overrepresented among those punished. We conclude with policy recommendations to reduce widespread and enduring racial disparities.

Date: 2023-10-27
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ure
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://osf.io/download/6536f72c8a28b10fdbffd433/

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:osf:socarx:khtsa

DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/khtsa

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in SocArXiv from Center for Open Science
Bibliographic data for series maintained by OSF ().