Migration and urbanisation in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Ferdinand Rauch and Christopher Parsons

No 800, Economics Series Working Papers from University of Oxford, Department of Economics

Abstract: Under apartheid, black South Africans were severely restricted in their choice of location and many were forced to live in homelands. Following the abolition of apartheid they were free to migrate. Given gravity, a town nearer to the homelands can be expected to receive a larger inflow of people than a more distant town following the removal of mobility restrictions. Exploting this exogenous variation, we study the effect of migration on urbanisation and the distribution of population. In particular, we test if migration inflows led to displacement, path dependence, or agglomeration in destination areas. We find evidence for path dependence in the aggregate, but substantial heterogeneity across town densities. An exogenous population shock leads to an increase of the urban relative to the rural population, which suggests that exogenous migration shocks can foster urbanisation in the medium run.

Keywords: Economic geography; migration; urbanisation; natural experiment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: N97 O18 R12 R23 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016-07-28
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-geo, nep-mig and nep-ure
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Related works:
Journal Article: Migration and Urbanization in Post-Apartheid South Africa (2020)
Working Paper: Migration and Urbanization in Post-Apartheid South Africa (2019)
Working Paper: Migration and Urbanisation in Post-Apartheid South Africa (2016)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:oxf:wpaper:800

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