Intergenerational Mobility in Depression and Anxiety in India

Justine Herve (), Subha Mani (), Jere Behrman, Ramanan Laxminarayan () and Arindam Nandi ()
Additional contact information
Justine Herve: Stevens Institute of Technology
Subha Mani: Fordham University
Ramanan Laxminarayan: One Health Trust and Princeton University
Arindam Nandi: The Population Council and One Health Trust

PIER Working Paper Archive from Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania

Abstract: This paper is the first to provide estimates of intergenerational associations in mental health for a low- and middle-income country. Using rich mental health data on ~4,000 parent-child pairs in India, we find intergenerational associations in depression and anxiety scores to be 0.61 and 0.68, respectively, suggesting low mobility in mental health. However, once we allow for the mobility estimates to vary along the distribution of parental mental health, we find notable heterogeneity - while minimal symptoms of anxiety and depression in parents persist into the next generation, children of parents with mild to severe symptoms experience significant improvements in mental health. This upward mobility in mental health is largely driven by high socioeconomic-status households. Importantly, we show that even minimal symptoms have significant economic implications for both children and adults. Our findings suggest that programs that improve mental health in one generation can also facilitate intergenerational mobility in mental health and related outcomes.

Keywords: Intergenerational mobility; Mental health; India (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I14 I15 O12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 62pages
Date: 2025-01-22
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Working Paper: Intergenerational Mobility in Depression and Anxiety in India (2025)
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