Coverage assessment survey following trachoma mass drug administration (MDA) in six districts of Oromia, Western Ethiopia, 2017

Tariku Tesfaye Bekuma, Getu Mosisa Kebebew, Zelalem Desalegn Waktole, Jote Markos Cafo, Desalegn Wirtu and Solomon Gaddisa

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2019, vol. 13, issue 12, 1-18

Abstract: Background: Trachoma is a contagious infection of the eye by specific strains of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. It is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin is a cornerstone of World Health Organization (WHO)’s global effort to eliminate trachoma by 2020. This coverage survey was aimed to assess trachoma post-mass drug administration (MDA) coverage among six selected districts of East Wollega, Horo Guduru Wollega, and West Shewa zones in2017. Methods: A community based cross-sectional coverage survey was conducted. The sample size was calculated automatically using Coverage Survey Builder (CSB) tool in microsoft excel. Thirty segments were selected per each selected districts of the three zones. A separate Results Entry Form for each district surveyed was completed, saved and uploaded directly into the online Coverage Survey Analysis Tool to estimate the surveycoverage and the program reach along with the corresponding 95% confidence limits and design effects. EPI-INFO 7.0 and SPSS version 20 was used for further analysis of survey data. Result: A total of 1,747 households were surveyed, out of which 10,700 individuals were interviewed. Most respondents (95.1%) stated that they heard about trachoma MDA and most of them replied that they got the information from health workers. Program reach ranged between 89.5% in Jimma Geneti district and 94.8% in Dirre Hinchini district. The most common mentioned reasons for not having taken azithromycin included not knowing about the campaign, fear of side effects and being absent during the MDA campaign. Conclusion: In this survey, four of the six districts met the target threshold (i.e. 80%) for effective coverage; Ambo rural and Jimma Geneti did not meet the target threshold.Therefore, programmatic improvements should be made for the future campaign to reach the expected thresholds while the campaign in four of the six districts should be encouraged. Author summary: Trachoma is a contagious infection of the eye and the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Mass drug administration (MDA) is one of the WHO initiated a global program to eliminate trachoma by 2020. Mass drug administration is a strategy used to administer medicines to the entire at-risk population of an area, most commonly a district using a campaign-style approach. This coverage survey was aimed to assess knowledge and source of information about the previous trachoma mass drug administration campaign, its coverage level, and the reason for not taking the drug. It highlighted the previous challenges, existing gaps and explained differences in coverages reported within the respective districts. Therefore, future MDA rounds will be able to take into account these findings and reach target populations that might have been missed during previous rounds of MDA. For this survey, it was found that mass drug administration coverage was lower than reported one by the districts, except for Haro Limu and Boneya Boshe. The difference was as small as 2% in Haro Limu district to as high as 20% in Boneya Boshe district. Therefore, in the districts with lower MDA coverage, improvements should be made for the future campaign to reach the expected thresholds.

Date: 2019
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pntd00:0007924

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007924

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