COVID-19: a crisis of the female self-employed

Daniel Graeber, Alexander Kritikos and Johannes Seebauer ()
Additional contact information
Johannes Seebauer: DIW Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin

No 27, CEPA Discussion Papers from Center for Economic Policy Analysis

Abstract: We investigate how the economic consequences of the pandemic, and of the government-mandated measures to contain its spread, affect the self-employed – particularly women – in Germany. For our analysis, we use representative, real-time survey data in which respondents were asked about their situation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate that among the self-employed, who generally face a higher likelihood of income losses due to COVID-19 than employees, women are 35% more likely to experience income losses than their male counterparts. Conversely, we do not find a comparable gender gap among employees. Our results further suggest that the gender gap among the self-employed is largely explained by the fact that women disproportionately work in industries that are more severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis of potential mechanisms reveals that women are significantly more likely to be impacted by government-imposed restrictions, i.e. the regulation of opening hours. We conclude that future policy measures intending to mitigate the consequences of such shocks should account for this considerable variation in economic hardship.

Keywords: self-employed; COVID-19; income; gender; representative real-time survey data; decomposition methods (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I18 J16 J31 J71 L26 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ent, nep-eur and nep-lma
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (44)

Downloads: (external link)
https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-49810 (application/pdf)

Related works:
Journal Article: COVID-19: a crisis of the female self-employed (2021)
Journal Article: COVID-19: a crisis of the female self-employed (2021)
Working Paper: COVID-19: a crisis of the female self-employed (2021)
Working Paper: Covid-19: A Crisis of the Female Self-Employed (2020)
Working Paper: COVID-19: A Crisis of the Female Self-Employed (2020)
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:pot:cepadp:27

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in CEPA Discussion Papers from Center for Economic Policy Analysis Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Marco Winkler ().