Even at a Young Age: Exclusionary School Discipline and Children’s Physically Aggressive Behaviors

Wade Jacobsen, Garrett Pace and Nayan Ramirez
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Wade Jacobsen: Pennsylvania State University
Garrett Pace: Princeton University
Nayan Ramirez: Pennsylvania State University

Working Papers from Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing.

Abstract: Exclusionary school discipline has become an increasingly common experience among US children, with rates of suspension and expulsion highest among boys, minorities, and the poor. Although well documented among middle and high school students, less is known about the prevalence or consequences among younger children. We examine rates of school discipline across gender, race, and class for urban-born children by about age nine. We then estimate the effect of school discipline on physically aggressive behavior. Results reveal severe disparities, especially among poor children where 1 in 2 black boys and more than 1 in 3 black girls have been suspended or expelled, compared to fewer than 1 in 30 non-black non-Hispanic boys or girls. We find no evidence that school discipline reduces children’s physically aggressive behaviors. Indeed, it appears to be associated with increases in such behavior, with similar effects across gender, race, and class.

Date: 2016-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-edu and nep-ure
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