Density-functional theory of inhomogeneous electron systems in thin quantum wires

S. H. Abedinpour, M. Polini (), G. Xianlong and M. P. Tosi

The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 2007, vol. 56, issue 2, 127-134

Abstract: Motivated by current interest in strongly correlated quasi-one-dimensional (1D) Luttinger liquids subject to axial confinement, we present a novel density-functional study of few-electron systems confined by power-low external potentials inside a short portion of a thin quantum wire. The theory employs the 1D homogeneous Coulomb liquid as the reference system for a Kohn-Sham treatment and transfers the Luttinger ground-state correlations to the inhomogeneous electron system by means of a suitable local-density approximation (LDA) to the exchange-correlation energy functional. We show that such 1D-adapted LDA is appropriate for fluid-like states at weak coupling, but fails to account for the transition to a “Wigner molecules” regime of electron localization as observed in thin quantum wires at very strong coupling. A detailed analyzes is given for the two-electron problem under axial harmonic confinement. Copyright EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/Springer-Verlag 2007

Keywords: 71.10.Pm Fermions in reduced dimensions (anyons; composite fermions; Luttinger liquid; etc.); 71.10.Hf Non-Fermi-liquid ground states; electron phase diagrams and phase transitions in model systems; 71.15.Mb Density functional theory; local density approximation; gradient and other corrections (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2007
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DOI: 10.1140/epjb/e2007-00099-1

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