Does co-residence with parents-in-law reduce women's employment in India?

Rajshri Jayaraman and Bisma Khan

Working Papers from University of Toronto, Department of Economics

Abstract: We examine the effect of co-residence with fathers- and mothers-in-law on married women’s employment in India. Instrumental variable fixed effects estimates using two different household panel datasets indicate that co-residence with a father-in-law reduces married women’s employment by 11-13%, while co-residence with a mother-in-law has no effect. Difference-in-difference estimates show that married women’s employment increases following the death of a co-residing father-in-law, but not mother-in-law. We investigate three classes of explanations for this: income effects, increased domestic responsibilities, and social norms. Our evidence is consistent with gender- and generational norms intersecting to constrain married women’s employment when parents-in-law co-reside.

Keywords: female employment; family structure; labour supply; parents-in-lawJ16; J22; J12; O12; Z13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J12 J16 J22 O12 Z13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: Unknown pages
Date: 2023-01-19
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dev, nep-lab and nep-ure
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