Fertility and Modernity

Enrico Spolaore and Romain Wacziarg

No 779, Discussion Papers Series, Department of Economics, Tufts University from Department of Economics, Tufts University

Abstract: We investigate the historical dynamics of the decline in fertility in Europe and its relation to measures of cultural and ancestral distance. We test the hypothesis that the decline of fertility was associated with the diffusion of social and behavioral changes from France, in contrast with the spread of the Industrial Revolution, where England played a leading role. We argue that the diffusion of the fertility decline and the spread of industrialization followed different patterns because societies at different relative distances from the respective innovators (the French and the English) faced different barriers to imitation and adoption, and such barriers were lower for societies that were historically and culturally closer to the innovators. We provide a model of fertility choices in which the transition from higher to lower levels of fertility is the outcome of a process of social innovation and social influence, whereby late adopters observe and learn about the novel behaviors, norms and practices introduced by early adopters at the frontier. In the empirical analysis we study the determinants of marital fertility in a sample of European populations and regions from 1830 t0 1970, and successfully test our theoretical predictions using measures of genetic distance between European populations and a novel data set of ancestral linguistic distances between European regions.

Date: 2014
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eec, nep-eur, nep-evo, nep-gro and nep-his
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (24)

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Related works:
Journal Article: Fertility and Modernity (2022)
Working Paper: Fertility and Modernity (2019)
Working Paper: Fertility and Modernity (2019)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:tuf:tuftec:0779

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