Gender differences in tolerance for women's opinions and the role of social norms

Ryo Takahashi

No 2123, Working Papers from Waseda University, Faculty of Political Science and Economics

Abstract: This study empirically examines gender differences in tolerance for opinions and identifies how social norms for gender equality mitigate gender differences in tolerance for women’s opinions by conducting online randomized experiments in Japan. In this experiment, we asked the participants to evaluate the agreement score for ten anonymous statements and implemented two types of random interventions: disclosing the gender of the statement poster and providing information on social norms for gender equality. The results of both cross-sectional and panel data analyses showed that people significantly reduced the agreement score for women’s opinions compared to men’s and non-gender-disclosure opinions. Meanwhile, the negative impact of female gender disclosure was neutralized when participants were provided with information on gender norms. These results suggest that people are likely to be less tolerant of women’s opinions in general, while such gender differences are mitigated through social norms.

Keywords: Social norms; gender bias; online randomized experiment; Japan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C91 C99 D91 J16 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 37 pages
Date: 2022-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-exp, nep-gen and nep-soc
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:wap:wpaper:2123

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