Engendering trade

Quy-Toan Do, Andrei Levchenko and Claudio Raddatz

No 5777, Policy Research Working Paper Series from The World Bank

Abstract: The authors analyze the interaction between a country's world market integration and its attitude towards gender roles. They discuss both theoretically and empirically how female empowerment is a source of comparative advantage that shapes a country's response to trade opening. Reciprocally, the authors show that as countries integrate into the world economy, the costs and benefits of gender discrimination shift. Their theory goes beyond a potential aggregate wealth effect associated with trade opening, and emphasizes the heterogeneity of impacts. On the one hand, countries in which women are empowered -- measured by fertility rates, female labor force participation or female schooling -- experience an expansion of industries that use female labor relatively more intensively. On the other hand, the gender gap is smaller in countries that export more in relatively female-labor intensive sectors. In an increasingly globalized economy, the road to gender equality is paradoxically very specific to each country’s productive structure and exposure to world markets.

Keywords: Labor Markets; Labor Policies; Gender and Development; Economic Theory&Research; Political Economy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2011-08-01
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-hme and nep-int
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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Related works:
Working Paper: Engendering Trade (2012)
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