Does trade reduce poverty ? a view from Africa

Maëlan Le Goff () and Raju Singh

No 6327, Policy Research Working Paper Series from The World Bank

Abstract: Although trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component in development strategies, theoretically, the impact of trade openness on poverty reduction is ambiguous. A more liberalized trade regime is argued to change relative factor prices in favor of the more abundant factor. If poverty and relative low income stem from abundance of labor, greater trade openness should lead to higher labor prices and a decrease in poverty. However, should the re-allocation of factors be hampered, the expected benefits from freer trade may not materialize. The theoretical ambiguity on the effects of openness is reflected in the available empirical evidence. This paper examines how the effect of trade openness on poverty may depend on complementary reforms that help a country take advantage of international competition. Using a non-linear regression specification that interacts a proxy of trade openness with proxies of various country structural specificities and a panel of 30 African countries over the period 1981-2010, the analysis finds that trade openness tends to reduce poverty in countries where financial sectors are deep, education levels high and governance strong.

Keywords: Achieving Shared Growth; Free Trade; Economic Theory&Research; Trade Policy; Emerging Markets (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013-01-01
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-afr, nep-dev, nep-geo and nep-int
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (12)

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Journal Article: Does trade reduce poverty? A view from Africa (2014)
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