How Costly Are Labor Gender Gaps? Estimates by Age Group for the Balkans and Turkey

David Cuberes () and Marc Teignier

No XREAP2017-10, Working Papers from Xarxa de Referència en Economia Aplicada (XREAP)

Abstract: In this paper, survey data are used to document the presence of gender gaps in selfemployment, employership, and labor force participation in seven Balkan countries and Turkey. The paper examines the quantitative effects of the gender gaps on aggregate productivity and income per capita in these countries. In the model used to carry out this calculation, agents choose between being workers, self-employed, or employers, and women face several restrictions in the labor market. The data display very large gaps in labor force participation and in the percentage of employers and self-employed in the labor force. In almost all cases, these gaps reveal a clear underrepresentation of women. The calculations show that, on average, the loss associated with these gaps is about 17 percent of income per capita. One-third of this loss is due to distortions in the choice of occupations between men andwomen. The remaining two-thirds corresponds to the costs associated with gaps in labor force participation. The dimensions of these gender gaps and their associated costs vary considerably across ages groups, with the age bracket 36–50 years being responsible for most of the losses.

Keywords: gender inequality; entrepreneurship talent; factor allocation; aggregate productivity; span of control; Balkans; Turkey (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E2 J21 J24 O40 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 32 pages
Date: 2017-11, Revised 2017-11
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ara, nep-ent, nep-eur, nep-gen and nep-mac
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http://www.xreap.cat/RePEc/xrp/pdf/XREAP2017-10.pdf First version, 2017 (application/pdf)
http://www.xreap.cat/RePEc/xrp/pdf/XREAP2017-10.pdf Revised version, 2017 (application/pdf)

Related works:
Journal Article: How Costly Are Labor Gender Gaps? Estimates by Age Group for the Balkans and Turkey (2019)
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