Female genital mutilation and migration in Mali. Do return migrants transfer social norms?

Idrissa Diabate and Sandrine Mesplé-Somps

No 329, GLO Discussion Paper Series from Global Labor Organization (GLO)

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the power of migration as a mechanism in the transmission of social norms, taking Mali and Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) as a case study. Mali has a strong FGM culture and a long-standing history of migration. We use an original household-level database coupled with census data to analyze the extent to which girls living in localities with high rates of return migrants are less prone to FGM. Malians migrate predominantly to other African countries where female circumcision is uncommon (e.g. Côte d’Ivoire) and to countries where FGM is totally banned (France and other developed countries) and where anti-FGM information campaigns frequently target African migrants. Taking a two-step instrumental variable approach to control for the endogeneity of migration and return decisions, we show that return migrants have a negative and significant influence on FGM practices. More precisely, we show that this result is primarily driven by the flow of returnees from Cote d'Ivoire. We also show that adults living in localities with return migrants are more informed about FGM and in favor of legislation. The impact of returnees may occur through several channels, including compositional effects, changes in return migrants' attitudes toward FGM, and return migrants convincing stayers to change their FGM practices.

Keywords: Female Genital Excision; social transfers; migration; Mali (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F22 I15 O55 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dev, nep-mig and nep-soc
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/193639/1/GLO-DP-0329.pdf (application/pdf)

Related works:
Journal Article: Female genital mutilation and migration in Mali: do return migrants transfer social norms? (2019)
Working Paper: Female genital mutilation and migration in Mali: do return migrants transfer social norms? (2019)
Working Paper: Female genital mutilation and migration in Mali. Do return migrants transfer social norms? (2017)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:zbw:glodps:329

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