Spatio-temporal dynamics of European innovation: An exploratory approach via multivariate functional data cluster analysis

Imke Rhoden, Daniel Weller and Ann-Katrin Voit

No 926, Ruhr Economic Papers from RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen

Abstract: We apply a functional data approach for mixture model-based multivariate innovation clustering to identify different regional innovation portfolios in Europe. Innovation concentration is considered as pattern of specialization among innovation types. We examine patent registration data and combine them with other innovation and economic data across 225 regions, 13 years and 8 patent classes. This allows us to identify innovation clusters that are supported by several innovation- and economy-related variables. We are able to form several regional clusters according to their specific innovation types. The regional innovation cluster solutions for IPC classes for 'fixed constructions' and 'mechanical engineering' are very comparable, and relatively less comparable for 'chemistry and metallurgy'. The clusters for innovations in 'physics' and 'chemistry and metallurgy' are similar; innovations in 'electricity' and 'physics' show similar temporal dynamics. For all other innovation types, the regional clustering is different and innovation concentrations in the respective regions are unique within clusters. By taking regional profiles, strengths and developments into account, options for improved efficiency of location-based regional innovation policy in order to promote tailored and efficient innovation-promoting programs can be derived.

Keywords: Functional Data Analysis (FDA); innovation concentration; spatio-temporal cluster modeling; multivariate cluster analysis; European innovation; cluster algorithm (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C38 O33 R12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cse, nep-eur, nep-geo, nep-ino, nep-sbm and nep-ure
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:zbw:rwirep:926

DOI: 10.4419/96973084

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