How does education improve cognitive skills? Instructional Time versus Timing of Instruction

Sarah C. Dahmann

VfS Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy from Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association

Abstract: This paper investigates two mechanisms through which education may affect cognitive skills in adolescence: the role of instructional quantity and the timing of instruction with respect to age. To identify causal effects, I exploit a school reform carried out at the state level in Germany as a quasi-natural experiment: between 2001 and 2007, academic-track high school (Gymnasium) was reduced by one year in most of Germany's federal states, leaving the overall curriculum unchanged. To investigate the impact of this educational change on students' cognitive abilities, I conduct two separate analyses: first, I exploit the variation in the curriculum taught to same-aged students at academic-track high school over time and across states to identify the effect of the increase in instructional time on students' crystallized and fluid intelligence scores. Using rich data on seventeen year-old adolescents from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) study, the estimates show that fluid intelligence remained unaffected, while crystallized intelligence improved for male students. Second, I compare students' competences in their final year of high school using data from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). Preliminary results suggest that students affected by the reform catch up with their non-affected counterparts in terms of their competences by the time of graduation. However, they do not provide any evidence for the timing of instruction to matter in cognitive skill formation. Overall, secondary education therefore seems to impact students' cognitive skills in adolescence especially through instructional time and not so much through age-distinct timing of instruction.

JEL-codes: I21 I28 J24 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cbe, nep-edu, nep-knm, nep-neu and nep-ure
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (20)

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Related works:
Journal Article: How does education improve cognitive skills? Instructional time versus timing of instruction (2017)
Working Paper: How Does Education Improve Cognitive Skills? Instructional Time versus Timing of Instruction (2015)
Working Paper: How Does Education Improve Cognitive Skills? - Instructional Time versus Timing of Instruction (2015)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:zbw:vfsc15:112917

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