Gains and Pains from Contract Research: A Transaction and Firm-level Perspective

Ulrich Kaiser () and Christoph Grimpe

No 08-002, ZEW Discussion Papers from ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research

Abstract: Determining the research and development (R&D) boundaries of the firm as the choice between internal, collaborative and external technology acquisition has since long been a major challenge for firms to secure a continuous stream of innovative products or processes. While research on R&D cooperation or strategic alliances is abundant, little is known about the outsourcing of R&D activities to contract research organizations and its implications for innovation performance. This paper investigates the driving forces of external technology sourcing through contract research based on arguments from transaction cost theory and the resource-based view of the firm. Using a large and comprehensive data set of innovating firms from Germany our findings suggest that technological uncertainty, contractual experience and openness to external knowledge sources motivate the choice for engaging in contract research activities. Moreover, we show that internal and external R&D sourcing are complements: the marginal contribution of internal (external) R&D is the larger the more firms spend on external (internal) R&D.

Keywords: Contract research; innovation; transaction cost theory; firm capabilities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C24 O32 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2008
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-bec, nep-cse, nep-ipr, nep-pr~, nep-knm, nep-mic and nep-ppm
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Working Paper: Gains and Pains from Contract Research: A Transaction and Firm-level Perspective (2008)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:zbw:zewdip:7013

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