Details about Iain M. Cockburn

Homepage:	http://people.bu.edu/cockburn
Workplace:	National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), (more information at EDIRC) Department of Strategy and Innovation, Questrom School of Business, Boston University, (more information at EDIRC)

Access statistics for papers by Iain M. Cockburn.

Last updated 2025-05-16. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.

Short-id: pco166

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Jump to Journal Articles Chapters

Working Papers

2024

1. Is Distance from Innovation a Barrier to the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence?
   IZA Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA) View citations (3)
   Also in LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library (2024) View citations (2)
   CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE (2024) View citations (6)
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2024) View citations (3)

2018

2. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Innovation
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (126)

2016

3. Patents and the global diffusion of new drugs
   LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library View citations (39)
   Also in CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE (2014) View citations (5)
   LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library (2014) View citations (5)
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2014) View citations (5)
   CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers (2014) View citations (5)
   See also Journal Article Patents and the Global Diffusion of New Drugs, American Economic Review, American Economic Association (2016) View citations (50) (2016)

2013

4. Deals Not Done: Sources of Failure in the Market for Ideas
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
   See also Journal Article Deals not done: Sources of failure in the market for ideas, Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell (2015) View citations (26) (2015)
5. Price Indexes for Clinical Trial Research: A Feasibility Study
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (1)
6. The Regulation of Prescription Drug Competition and Market Responses: Patterns in Prices and Sales Following Loss of Exclusivity
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (6)
   See also Chapter The Regulation of Prescription Drug Competition and Market Responses: Patterns in Prices and Sales following Loss of Exclusivity, NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2013) View citations (7) (2013)
7. Why are some regions more innovative than others? The role of firm size diversity
   CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers
   Also in NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2012) View citations (22)

2009

8. Not Invented Here? Innovation in Company Towns
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
   See also Journal Article Not Invented Here? Innovation in company towns, Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier (2010) View citations (63) (2010)
   Chapter Not Invented Here? Innovation in Company Towns, NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2010) View citations (68) (2010)
9. Patent thickets, licensing and innovative performance
   ZEW Discussion Papers, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research View citations (2)
   Also in ZEW Discussion Papers, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research (2008) View citations (3)
   See also Journal Article Patent thickets, licensing and innovative performance, Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC (2010) View citations (35) (2010)

2007

10. Patents and the Survival of Internet-related IPOs
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (40)
    See also Journal Article Patents and the survival of Internet-related IPOs, Research Policy, Elsevier (2010) View citations (70) (2010)
11. Patents, Thickets, and the Financing of Early-Stage Firms: Evidence from the Software Industry
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (11)
    See also Chapter Patents, Thickets and the Financing of Eastly-Stage Firms; Evidence from the Software Industry, NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2007) View citations (9) (2007)
    Journal Article Patents, Thickets and the Financing of Early‐Stage Firms: Evidence from the Software Industry, Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell (2009) View citations (72) (2009)

2006

12. Entry and Patenting in the Software Industry
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (18)
    See also Journal Article Entry and Patenting in the Software Industry, Management Science, INFORMS (2011) View citations (80) (2011)
13. Public & Private Spillovers, Location and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (37)
    See also Journal Article Public & Private Spillovers: Location and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research, Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES (2005) View citations (22) (2005)

2004

14. Faster, Smaller, Cheaper: An Hedonic Price Analysis of PDAs
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (6)
    See also Journal Article Faster, smaller, cheaper: an hedonic price analysis of PDAs, Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals (2008) View citations (16) (2008)

2003

15. Gone But Not Forgotten: Labor Flows, Knowledge Spillovers, and Enduring Social Capital
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (58)

2002

16. Are All Patent Examiners Equal? The Impact of Examiner Characteristics
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (81)
17. University Research, Industrial R&D, and the Anchor Tenant Hypothesis
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (21)

2000

18. Do Patents Matter?: Empirical Evidence after GATT
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (29)

1999

19. Balancing Incentives: The Tension Between Basic and Applied Research
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (50)
20. The Diffusion of Science-Driven Drug Discovery: Organizational Change in Pharmaceutical Research
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (24)

1998

21. Hedonic Analysis of Arthritis Drugs
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (17)
    See also Chapter Hedonic Analysis of Arthritis Drugs, NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2001) View citations (16) (2001)

1997

22. Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (3)
    See also Chapter Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs, NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (1998) View citations (2) (1998)
    Journal Article Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs, Forum for Health Economics & Policy, De Gruyter (1998) View citations (3) (1998)
23. Public-Private Interaction and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (29)

1996

24. Characteristics of Demand for Pharmaceutical Products: an Examination of four Cephalosporins
    Working papers, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Economics View citations (18)
    See also Journal Article Characteristics of Demand for Pharmaceutical Products: An Examination of Four Cephalosporins, RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation (1997) View citations (95) (1997)

1994

25. Measuring competence?: exploring firm effects in pharmaceutical research
    Working papers, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management View citations (521)
    See also Journal Article Measuring Competence? Exploring Firm Effects in Pharmaceutical Research, Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell (1994) View citations (495) (1994)
26. Racing to invest?: the dynamics of competition in ethical drug discovery
    Working papers, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management View citations (76)
    See also Journal Article Racing To Invest? The Dynamics of Competition in Ethical Drug Discovery, Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell (1994) View citations (82) (1994)

1993

27. Generics and New Goods in Pharmaceutical Price Indexes
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (5)
    See also Journal Article Generics and New Goods in Pharmaceutical Price Indexes, American Economic Review, American Economic Association (1994) View citations (62) (1994)
28. Racing or spilling?: the determinants of research productivity in ethical drug discovery
    Working papers, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management View citations (2)
29. Scale, Scope and Spillovers: The Determinants of Research Productivity in the Pharmaceutical Industry
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (13)
30. Scale, scope and spillovers: the determinants of research productivity in ethical drug discovery
    Working papers, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management View citations (7)

1992

31. Market Conditions and Retirement of Physical Capital: Evidence fron Oil Tankers
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (7)

1987

32. Industry Effects and Appropriability Measures in the Stock Markets Valuation of R&D and Patents
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations (30)
    See also Journal Article Industry Effects and Appropriability Measures in the Stock Market's Valuation of R&D and Patents, American Economic Review, American Economic Association (1988) View citations (204) (1988)

Undated

33. A Mixed Poisson Regression Model for Analysis of Patent Data
    Computing in Economics and Finance 1996, Society for Computational Economics View citations (48)
34. Scale, Scope and Spillovers: The Determinants of Research Productivity in Drug Discovery
    Working Papers, Department of Economics, University of Lancaster View citations (51)
    See also Journal Article Scale, Scope, and Spillovers: The Determinants of Research Productivity in Drug Discovery, RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation (1996) View citations (461) (1996)

Journal Articles

2023

1. Canada’s Patent Productivity Paradox: Recent Trends and Implications for Future Productivity Growth
   International Productivity Monitor, 2023, 45, 120-154 View citations (2)

2016

2. Patents and the Global Diffusion of New Drugs
   American Economic Review, 2016, 106, (1), 136-64 View citations (50)
   See also Working Paper Patents and the global diffusion of new drugs, LSE Research Online Documents on Economics (2016) View citations (39) (2016)

2015

3. Deals not done: Sources of failure in the market for ideas
   Strategic Management Journal, 2015, 36, (7), 976-986 View citations (26)
   See also Working Paper Deals Not Done: Sources of Failure in the Market for Ideas, NBER Working Papers (2013) View citations (3) (2013)
4. The Economics of Reproducibility in Preclinical Research
   PLOS Biology, 2015, 13, (6), 1-9 View citations (51)

2014

5. Why are some regions more innovative than others? The role of small firms in the presence of large labs
   Journal of Urban Economics, 2014, 81, (C), 149-165 View citations (59)

2013

6. Access to intellectual property for innovation: Evidence on problems and coping strategies from German firms
   Research Policy, 2013, 42, (2), 529-541 View citations (3)

2012

7. Information Technology and Intangible Output: The Impact of IT Investment on Innovation Productivity
   Information Systems Research, 2012, 23, (1), 42-59 View citations (96)

2011

8. Diffusion of New Drugs in the Post-TRIPS Era
   International Journal of the Economics of Business, 2011, 18, (2), 203-224 View citations (2)
9. Entry and Patenting in the Software Industry
   Management Science, 2011, 57, (5), 915-933 View citations (80)
   See also Working Paper Entry and Patenting in the Software Industry, NBER Working Papers (2006) View citations (18) (2006)

2010

10. Finding the Endless Frontier: Lessons from the Life Sciences Innovation System for Technology Policy
    Capitalism and Society, 2010, 5, (1), 50 View citations (4)
11. Not Invented Here? Innovation in company towns
    Journal of Urban Economics, 2010, 67, (1), 78-89 View citations (63)
    See also Working Paper Not Invented Here? Innovation in Company Towns, NBER Working Papers (2009) View citations (3) (2009)
    Chapter Not Invented Here? Innovation in Company Towns, NBER Chapters, 2010 (2010) View citations (68) (2010)
12. Patent thickets, licensing and innovative performance
    Industrial and Corporate Change, 2010, 19, (3), 899-925 View citations (35)
    See also Working Paper Patent thickets, licensing and innovative performance, ZEW Discussion Papers (2009) View citations (2) (2009)
13. Patents and the survival of Internet-related IPOs
    Research Policy, 2010, 39, (2), 214-228 View citations (70)
    See also Working Paper Patents and the Survival of Internet-related IPOs, NBER Working Papers (2007) View citations (40) (2007)
14. The Global Location of Biopharmaceutical Knowledge Activity: New Findings, New Questions
    Innovation Policy and the Economy, 2010, 10, (1), 129 - 157 View citations (2)
    See also Chapter The Global Location of Biopharmaceutical Knowledge Activity: New Findings, New Questions, NBER Chapters, 2010, 129-157 (2010) View citations (2) (2010)

2009

15. Patents, Thickets and the Financing of Early‐Stage Firms: Evidence from the Software Industry
    Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 2009, 18, (3), 729-773 View citations (72)
    See also Chapter Patents, Thickets and the Financing of Eastly-Stage Firms; Evidence from the Software Industry, NBER Chapters, 2007 (2007) View citations (9) (2007)
    Working Paper Patents, Thickets, and the Financing of Early-Stage Firms: Evidence from the Software Industry, NBER Working Papers (2007) View citations (11) (2007)

2008

16. Faster, smaller, cheaper: an hedonic price analysis of PDAs
    Applied Economics, 2008, 40, (22), 2839-2856 View citations (16)
    See also Working Paper Faster, Smaller, Cheaper: An Hedonic Price Analysis of PDAs, NBER Working Papers (2004) View citations (6) (2004)

2006

17. The Impact of Incremental Innovation in Biopharmaceuticals
    PharmacoEconomics, 2006, 24, (2), 69-86 View citations (11)

2005

18. Public & Private Spillovers: Location and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research
    Annals of Economics and Statistics, 2005, (79-80), 165-188 View citations (22)
    See also Working Paper Public & Private Spillovers, Location and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research, NBER Working Papers (2006) View citations (37) (2006)

2003

19. The anchor tenant hypothesis: exploring the role of large, local, R&D-intensive firms in regional innovation systems
    International Journal of Industrial Organization, 2003, 21, (9), 1227-1253 View citations (158)

2001

20. New Pills for Poor People? Empirical Evidence after GATT
    World Development, 2001, 29, (2), 265-289 View citations (50)
21. Scale and scope in drug development: unpacking the advantages of size in pharmaceutical research
    Journal of Health Economics, 2001, 20, (6), 1033-1057 View citations (75)

2000

22. Untangling the origins of competitive advantage
    Strategic Management Journal, 2000, 21, (10‐11), 1123-1145 View citations (99)

1998

23. Absorptive Capacity, Coauthoring Behavior, and the Organization of Research in Drug Discovery
    Journal of Industrial Economics, 1998, 46, (2), 157-182 View citations (381)
24. Analysis of Patent Data--A Mixed-Poisson-Regression-Model Approach
    Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 1998, 16, (1), 27-41 View citations (49)
25. Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs
    Forum for Health Economics & Policy, 1998, 1, (1), 45 View citations (3)
    See also Chapter Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs, NBER Chapters, 1998, 33-76 (1998) View citations (2) (1998)
    Working Paper Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs, NBER Working Papers (1997) View citations (3) (1997)

1997

26. Characteristics of Demand for Pharmaceutical Products: An Examination of Four Cephalosporins
    RAND Journal of Economics, 1997, 28, (3), 426-446 View citations (95)
    See also Working Paper Characteristics of Demand for Pharmaceutical Products: an Examination of four Cephalosporins, Working papers (1996) View citations (18) (1996)
27. Generics and New Goods in Pharmaceutical Price Indexes: Reply
    American Economic Review, 1997, 87, (4), 768

1996

28. Pharmaceutical Innovations and Market Dynamics: Tracking Effects on Price Indexes for Antidepressant Drugs
    Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1996, 27, (1996 Microeconomics), 201-267 View citations (71)
    Also in Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1996, 27, (1996 Microeconomics), 133-199 (1996) View citations (64)
29. Scale, Scope, and Spillovers: The Determinants of Research Productivity in Drug Discovery
    RAND Journal of Economics, 1996, 27, (1), 32-59 View citations (461)
    See also Working Paper Scale, Scope and Spillovers: The Determinants of Research Productivity in Drug Discovery, Working Papers View citations (51)

1995

30. Opportunity costs and entrepreneurial activity
    Journal of Business Venturing, 1995, 10, (2), 95-106 View citations (90)

1994

31. Generics and New Goods in Pharmaceutical Price Indexes
    American Economic Review, 1994, 84, (5), 1213-32 View citations (62)
    See also Working Paper Generics and New Goods in Pharmaceutical Price Indexes, NBER Working Papers (1993) View citations (5) (1993)
32. Measuring Competence? Exploring Firm Effects in Pharmaceutical Research
    Strategic Management Journal, 1994, 15, (S1), 63-84 View citations (495)
    See also Working Paper Measuring competence?: exploring firm effects in pharmaceutical research, Working papers (1994) View citations (521) (1994)
33. Racing To Invest? The Dynamics of Competition in Ethical Drug Discovery
    Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 1994, 3, (3), 481-519 View citations (82)
    See also Working Paper Racing to invest?: the dynamics of competition in ethical drug discovery, Working papers (1994) View citations (76) (1994)

1988

34. Industry Effects and Appropriability Measures in the Stock Market's Valuation of R&D and Patents
    American Economic Review, 1988, 78, (2), 419-23 View citations (204)
    See also Working Paper Industry Effects and Appropriability Measures in the Stock Markets Valuation of R&D and Patents, NBER Working Papers (1987) View citations (30) (1987)

Chapters

2018

1. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Innovation: An Exploratory Analysis
   A chapter in The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: An Agenda, 2018, pp 115-146 View citations (98)

2013

2. The Regulation of Prescription Drug Competition and Market Responses: Patterns in Prices and Sales following Loss of Exclusivity
   A chapter in Measuring and Modeling Health Care Costs, 2013, pp 243-271 View citations (7)
   See also Working Paper The Regulation of Prescription Drug Competition and Market Responses: Patterns in Prices and Sales Following Loss of Exclusivity, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2013) View citations (6) (2013)

2011

3. Comment on "The Confederacy of Heterogeneous Software Organizations and Heterogeneous Developers: Field Experimental Evidence on Sorting and Worker Effort"
   A chapter in The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, 2011, pp 502-505
4. Finding the Endless Frontier: Lessons from the Life Sciences Innovation System for Energy R&D
   A chapter in Accelerating Energy Innovation: Insights from Multiple Sectors, 2011, pp 113-157 View citations (4)

2010

5. Not Invented Here? Innovation in Company Towns
   A chapter in Cities and Entrepreneurship, 2010 View citations (68)
   See also Working Paper Not Invented Here? Innovation in Company Towns, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2009) View citations (3) (2009)
   Journal Article Not Invented Here? Innovation in company towns, Elsevier (2010) View citations (63) (2010)
6. Public and Private Spillovers: Location and the Productivity of Pharmaceutical Research
   A chapter in Contributions in Memory of Zvi Griliches, 2010, pp 165-188 View citations (17)
7. The Global Location of Biopharmaceutical Knowledge Activity: New Findings, New Questions
   A chapter in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 10, 2010, pp 129-157 View citations (2)
   See also Journal Article The Global Location of Biopharmaceutical Knowledge Activity: New Findings, New Questions, University of Chicago Press (2010) View citations (2) (2010)

2009

8. Comments on Nathan Rosenberg’s ‘Critical Episodes in the Progress of Medical Innovation’
   Chapter 11 in The New Economics of Technology Policy, 2009

2007

9. Is the Pharmaceutical Industry in a Productivity Crisis?
   A chapter in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 7, 2007, pp 1-32 View citations (8)
10. Patents, Thickets and the Financing of Eastly-Stage Firms; Evidence from the Software Industry
    A chapter in Entrepreneurship: Strategy and Structure, 2007 View citations (9)
    See also Working Paper Patents, Thickets, and the Financing of Early-Stage Firms: Evidence from the Software Industry, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (2007) View citations (11) (2007)
    Journal Article Patents, Thickets and the Financing of Early‐Stage Firms: Evidence from the Software Industry, Wiley Blackwell (2009) View citations (72) (2009)

2001

11. Hedonic Analysis of Arthritis Drugs
    A chapter in Medical Care Output and Productivity, 2001, pp 439-462 View citations (16)
    See also Working Paper Hedonic Analysis of Arthritis Drugs, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (1998) View citations (17) (1998)
12. Publicly Funded Science and the Productivity of the Pharmaceutical Industry
    A chapter in Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 1, 2001, pp 1-34 View citations (20)

1998

13. Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs
    A chapter in Frontiers in Health Policy Research, Volume 1, 1998, pp 33-76 View citations (2)
    See also Journal Article Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs, De Gruyter (1998) View citations (3) (1998)
    Working Paper Is Price Inflation Different for the Elderly? An Empirical Analysis of Prescription Drugs, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc (1997) View citations (3) (1997)