Source of Livelihood and Inter-Temporal Mobility Evidence from Western odisha Villages

Arup Mitra and Basanta K Pradhan ()
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Basanta K Pradhan: Institute of Economic Growth, Delhi

No 364, IEG Working Papers from Institute of Economic Growth

Abstract: Occupational structure reveals stagnancy many of the activities pursued are of residual type, and many individuals are non-workers. Also there is limited information on occupational mobility. However, it is observed that even in a stagnant region with limited opportunities income mobilityis occurring,toa limitedextentthough.Agrariancontractforces households to look forbetteravenues. With improvementin educational levels individuals are shiftingto services and other non-agricultural activities. Livelihood diversification is seen as a risk management strategyof the ruralpoor. Paucity of earnings compels many to access multiple sources of livelihood at a time. Such a phenomenon, however, implies a greaterintensity of work to be pursued to earn the same subsistence level of income.

Keywords: occupational choice; upwardmobility; income; multiplesources oflivelihood (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J31 J62 Q12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 41 pages
Date: 2016
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Published as Institute of Economic Growth, Delhi, 2016, pages 1-41

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