The Efficacy of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Program in Mitigating Pediatric HIV/AIDS Incidence in the Mansa District, Zambia

Arthur Chisanga, Steven Daka1, Tinkler Saul Simbeye, Wezi Kachinda, Emmanuel Chirwa and Edward Chisanga
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Arthur Chisanga: Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lusaka Apex Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
Steven Daka1: Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lusaka Apex Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
Tinkler Saul Simbeye: Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lusaka Apex Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
Wezi Kachinda: Faculty of Medicine, Lusaka Apex Medical University
Emmanuel Chirwa: Faculty of Pre-Medical Sciences, Lusaka Apex Medical University
Edward Chisanga: Yalelo Fish Company, Lusaka, Zambia

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2023, vol. 7, issue 10, 1140-1165

Abstract: This qualitative study was set out to intricately explore the landscape of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) program in the Mansa district in order to shed light on its multifaceted nature. Key informants, pivotal to the program, offered invaluable insights into its fundamental components, recent progress, encountered challenges, and proposed improvements. The study emphasized the paramount importance of early detection and timely intervention in preventing HIV transmission from mother to child. The study highlighted key areas of focus within the PMTCT program, as elucidated by informants, emphasizing the central role of antenatal care, HIV testing and counseling, provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and vigilant postnatal follow-up. Together, these elements constituted a comprehensive strategy for safeguarding maternal and child well-being, with a strong emphasis on early identification and effective intervention. Recent developments in the program portrayed an evolving landscape, including enhancements such as improved access to rapid testing, the integration of maternal and child health services, expanded community outreach efforts, and initiatives aimed at enhancing community awareness. These innovations underscored the program’s adaptability and unwavering commitment to extending its reach. However, the challenges that impeded the reduction of mother-to-child HIV transmission were deeply rooted and multifaceted, encompassing issues such as stigma, inadequacies in healthcare infrastructure, medication adherence challenges, geographic barriers, personnel shortages, and logistical complexities. In response to these challenges, key informants put forth practical recommendations to strengthen the PMTCT program. These recommendations included broader community awareness and education efforts, the fortification of peer support networks, increased allocation of resources for transportation, and continuous training and sensitization programs for healthcare providers. These measures were deemed vital for enhancing program effectiveness and improving the health outcomes of mothers and infants in the Mansa district.

Date: 2023
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