The Suitability of the Mandate Used by the United Nations Humanitarian Military Intervention in North Kivu Province, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, 2004-2022

Oduol Joseph Oduor and Otieno Isaiah Oduor
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Oduol Joseph Oduor: Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University
Otieno Isaiah Oduor: Department of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies, Kenyatta University

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2024, vol. 8, issue 9, 2333-2342

Abstract: North Kivu is one of the provinces in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) where conflict seems to defy the multiple interventions by a number of national, regional and international organizations. It hosts several United Nations Humanitarian Military Intervention (UNHMI) bases and has shown a humanitarian crisis resulting from the conflict in Eastern DRC including hostilities by the armed groups. This study interrogated the suitability of the mandate used by the UNHMI through the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) between 2004 and 2022. This study was informed by two complementary theories namely; Realism and New Institutionalism. Realism argued that that humanitarian military intervention by the UN in Eastern DRC was motivated by the need to promote the geopolitical interests of powerful states. New Institutionalism on the other hand contended that North Kivu province was characterized by weak institutions and there was lack of trust between the different actors. This study took the form of an exploratory research design employing the use of both primary and secondary sources. Purposive and snow ball sampling techniques were used to select 99 respondents who included 19 representatives from international humanitarian organizations in North Kivu, 20 representatives from the civil society, 10 government officials, 15 experts in conflict management, 15 security specialists, and 20 Congolese nationals. Questionnaires and interview schedules were the main research instruments. The study concluded that in as much as the UNHMI was suitable in the context of conflict management, the operation faced a number of setbacks. The study recommended that the government of DRC, taking advantage of the suitability of the Mandate of UNHMI, should cooperate with and provide more support to MONUSCO in addressing the conflict.

Date: 2024
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