A Semantic Analysis of ‘Naga’ (Dragon) in Malay Proverbs

Junaini Kasdan, Julaina Nopiah, Siti Nurul Jannah Fital, Dwi Handayani and Anis Shahira Shamsuri
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Junaini Kasdan: Institute Of the Malay World and Civilization (ATMA), University Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Julaina Nopiah: Kulliyah Of Sustainable Tourism and Contemporary Languages, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM),
Siti Nurul Jannah Fital: Faculty Of Business and Communication, University Malaysia Perlis (Unimap),
Dwi Handayani: Faculty Of Humanities (FIB), Airlangga University (UNAIR), Surabaya, Indonesia,
Anis Shahira Shamsuri: Center For Research in Language and Linguistics, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, University Kebangsaan Malaysia

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 3, 2049-2060

Abstract: The dragon is a universal symbol with varying meanings across cultures. In Malay proverbs, ‘naga’ (dragon) serves as a metaphor that conveys significant cultural insights. This article is based on a research study that explores how the Malay community conveys deeper meanings through proverbs, focusing on the dragon as a symbol. A total of 3,495 proverbs were analysed, identifying seven that feature dragon-related elements. Based on Semantic Theory, the findings reveal that the dragon symbolises power, nobility, and wisdom, which reflects Malay cultural and religious influences. These proverbs serve as vehicles for transmitting traditional knowledge and societal values across generations. Additionally, this article contrasts dragon-related proverbs with other animal metaphors in the Malay culture to highlight their unique symbolic significance. By exploring the intersection of language and culture, this article deepens the understanding of how metaphorical language shapes the identity and collective wisdom of the Malay community.

Date: 2025
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