“Navigating Uncertainty: Assessing the Socioeconomic and Health Implications of USAID and PEPFAR Funding Withdrawal in Africaâ€

Muzuva Prince, Muzondo Pardon J and Ruvimbo Veremu
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Muzuva Prince: Marondera University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Department of Development Sciences
Muzondo Pardon J: Marondera University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Department of Supply Chain Management
Ruvimbo Veremu: Marondera University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Department of Development Sciences

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 5, 3967-3976

Abstract: The withdrawal of USAID and PEPFAR funding from Africa has been contentious, raising questions about the sustainability of healthcare and development interventions, particularly among vulnerable populations. This study evaluates the socioeconomic and health impacts of this shift, with emphasis on service delivery gaps, economic burden, and government and civil society response mechanisms. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research employs surveys, interviews, and secondary data analysis to assess the impact on healthcare infrastructure, economic stability, and mortality. Informed by Dependency Theory, the study reviews earlier research on foreign aid dependency and sustainability of donor-funded programs. Preliminary results indicate that funding withdrawal has led to HIV/AIDS treatment interruptions, maternal health care services, and immunization programs and also the loss of employment in donor-funded projects. Although some governments and NGOs make attempts to look for alternative sources of funding, vulnerabilities such as poor domestic resource mobilization and governance constraints still persist. The research indicates that African governments should pay greater attention to domestic health financing through taxation, public-private partnerships, and regional mechanisms while strengthening healthcare resilience through capacity building and decentralized mechanisms. In addition, reaching new donors and investing in community-based healthcare and technology-based solutions is essential in maintaining core services. While the removal of aid is a problem, it also presents a chance for African nations to reconsider development finance policy and achieve self-reliance. This debate highlights the necessity for active policy responses to offset adverse effects and ensure continuity in public health and socioeconomic progress.

Date: 2025
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