Self-Efficacy and Health Behavior Outcomes in Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDS): Examining Gendered Pathway

Hope Herbert Nkhoma and Dr. Lawrence Janeit Harrison Chipao
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Hope Herbert Nkhoma: Lecturer and Head of Psychology, Malawi Assemblies of God University, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Dr. Lawrence Janeit Harrison Chipao: Dean of Theology, Malawi Assemblies of God University, Lilongwe, Malawi

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2025, vol. 9, issue 9, 955-960

Abstract: This research delves into how self-efficacy influences health behaviors in individuals dealing with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), paying special attention to the different experiences of men and women. By examining existing studies, policy papers, and global health reports, the study sheds light on the ways gender shapes the development and expression of self-efficacy in preventing and managing NCDs. The findings indicate that self-efficacy plays a vital role in encouraging positive health behaviors—like sticking to medication, maintaining a healthy diet, and staying active—but its effects are influenced by gender norms, resource availability, and psychological factors. Women often encounter systemic obstacles that undermine their sense of control over health choices, even though they tend to engage more in preventive care. Conversely, men may feel more confident in handling physical symptoms but are less inclined to seek emotional or social support. This research underscores the importance of creating health interventions that consider gender differences, aiming to boost self-efficacy and ensure fair outcomes in NCD care. By bringing together existing insights, this study enhanced our understanding of how gender dynamics affect health behaviors and suggests ways to develop more inclusive public health strategies.

Date: 2025
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