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Aspects of non‐causal and non‐invertible CARMA processes

Peter J. Brockwell and Alexander Lindner

Journal of Time Series Analysis, 2021, vol. 42, issue 5-6, 777-790

Abstract: A CARMA(p, q) process Y is a strictly stationary solution Y of the pth‐order formal stochastic differential equation a(D)Yt = b(D)DLt, where L is a two‐sided Lévy process, a(z) and b(z) are polynomials of degrees p and q respectively, with p > q, and D denotes differentiation with respect to t. Using a state‐space formulation of the defining equation, Brockwell and Lindner (2009, Stochastic Processes and their Applications 119, 2660–2681) gave necessary and sufficient conditions on L, a(z) and b(z) for the existence and uniqueness of such a stationary solution and specified the kernel g in the representation of the solution as Yt=∫−∞∞g(t−u)dLu. If the zeros of a(z) all have strictly negative real parts, Y is said to be a causal function of L (or simply causal) since then Yt can be expressed in terms of the increments of Ls, s ≤ t, and if the zeros of b(z) all have strictly negative real parts the process is said to be invertible since then the increments of Ls, s ≤ t, can be expressed in terms of Ys, s ≤ t. In this article we are concerned with properties of CARMA processes for which these conditions on a and b do not necessarily hold.

Date: 2021
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