Policy Diffusion and Directionality: Tracing Early Adoption of Offshore Wind Policy
Michael J. Motta
Review of Policy Research, 2018, vol. 35, issue 3, 398-421
Abstract:
Policy makers frequently learn from the policy experiences of other governments. Lessons inform decision making, diffusing policy across borders. Using interviews with key policy actors and a comparative analysis of United States and European policy contexts, this study identifies and describes causal mechanisms through which newly emerging offshore wind energy policies diffused across governmental borders. In so doing, this article demonstrates a new approach to understanding policy learning and diffusion to complement the large†N, quantitative analyses that form the bedrock of the literature. The findings support the argument that future studies must account for policy diffusion between subnational and foreign national governments, as well as diffusion between coequal administrative agencies in different policy subsystems—“directions†of diffusion that are invisible to traditional methods, yet likely to become increasingly common in the face of climate change and other wicked problems.æ”¿ç–æ‰©æ•£å’ŒæŒ‡å ‘性:对早期采纳海上风能政ç–的追踪 政ç–制定者时常从他国政府ä¸å¦åˆ°æ”¿ç–ç» éªŒã€‚è¿™äº›ç» éªŒç©¿è¶Šå›½å®¶è¾¹ç•Œ, 讲述了有关决ç–的扩散政ç–。通过对关键政ç–è¡Œä¸ºè€…è¿›è¡Œé ¢è°ˆ, å Œæ—¶å¯¹ç¾Žå›½å’Œæ¬§æ´²æ”¿ç–èƒŒæ™¯è¿›è¡Œæ¯”è¾ƒåˆ†æž , æœ¬ç ”ç©¶è¯†åˆ«å¹¶æ è¿°äº†ä¸ å Œçš„å› æžœæœºåˆ¶, 海上风能和相关政ç–é€šè¿‡è¿™äº›æœºåˆ¶åœ¨å „å›½æ”¿åºœé—´è¿›è¡Œæ‰©æ•£ã€‚ä¸ºæ¤, æœ¬æ–‡è¯ æ˜Žäº†ä¸€ç§ æ–°çš„æŽªæ–½, ç”¨ä»¥ç †è§£æ”¿ç–å¦ä¹ å’Œæ”¿ç–æ‰©æ•£, è¿›è€Œå¯¹å¤§æ•°é‡ å®šé‡ åˆ†æž ï¼ˆthe large†N, quantitative analyses)进行补充, å Žè€…æ˜¯æ–‡çŒ®çš„åŸºç¡€ã€‚ç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœè®¤ä¸º, æœªæ ¥ç ”ç©¶å¿…é¡»é˜ è¿°åœ°æ–¹æ”¿åºœå’Œå›½å¤–æ”¿åºœä¹‹é—´çš„æ”¿ç–æ‰©æ•£, ä»¥å Šä¸ å Œæ”¿ç–å 系统下对ç‰è¡Œæ”¿æœºæž„ä¹‹é—´çš„æ”¿ç–æ‰©æ•£â€”è¿™ç§ æ‰©æ•£çš„â€œæ–¹å ‘â€ æ˜¯ä¼ ç»Ÿæ–¹æ³•æ— æ³•è§‚å¯Ÿåˆ°çš„ã€‚Difusión De PolÃticas y Direccionalidad: delineando La Adopción Temprana De PolÃticas De EnergÃa Eólica MarÃtima Los creadores de polÃticas aprenden frecuentemente de las experiencias polÃticas de otros gobiernos. Las lecciones informan la toma de decisiones, lo cual difunde las polÃticas a otros paÃses. Utilizando entrevistas con actores polÃticos clave y un análisis comparativo de los contextos de polÃtica en Europa y EE. UU., este estudio identifica y describe los mecanismos causales a través de los cuales la energÃa eólica marÃtima y las polÃticas relacionadas se difunden a otros gobiernos. Al hacer esto, este artÃculo demuestra una nueva aproximación hacia la comprensión del aprendizaje y difusión de polÃticas para complementar los análisis cuantitativos “Large†N†que le dan forma a la base de la investigación existente. Los hallazgos apoyan el argumento que los estudios futuros tienen que explicar la difusión entre los gobiernos subnacionales y de otras naciones, asà como la difusión entre agencias administrativas del mismo nivel en diferentes subsistemas polÃticos– “direcciones†de difusión que son invisibles para los métodos tradicionales.
Date: 2018
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