Are We All in This Together? Examining Nonprofits’ Perceptions of Governmental Actors in the Management of the U.S. Refugee Crisis

Cooper Katherine R. (), Atouba Yannick C. and Wang Rong
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Cooper Katherine R.: College of Communication, 2453 DePaul University , 14 E. Jackson, #1247, Chicago, IL, 60604-2201, USA
Atouba Yannick C.: Department of Communication, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
Wang Rong: Human and Organizational Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

Nonprofit Policy Forum, 2025, vol. 16, issue 2, 161-180

Abstract: U.S. federal policy has created, at best, a gap and, at worst, a hostile environment for nonprofits serving refugees. We rely on frameworks of nonprofit-government relationships (institutional voids, structural holes, instrumental/expressive support) to explore government-nonprofit interactions in the refugee domain, and their impact on 34 refugee-serving nonprofits in the U.S. Findings indicate limited expressive and instrumental support for nonprofits and suggest nonprofits must navigate complex, multilevel, environments. Contributions include the suggestion of “intentional” rather than institutional voids, and a new typology of forms (zero, unclaimed, symbolic, or comprehensive) of government support for nonprofits in a problem domain based on whether government’s instrumental and expressive support for nonprofits is high or low.

Keywords: nonprofits; refugees; structural holes; institutional voids; instrumental and expressive support (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1515/npf-2023-0064

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