The impact of post-anthesis nitrogen and water availability on yield formation of winter wheat

A. Madani, A.H. Makarem, F. Vazin and M. Joudi
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A. Madani: Gonabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gonabad, Iran
A.H. Makarem: Varamin-Pishva, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
F. Vazin: Gonabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gonabad, Iran
M. Joudi: Agriculture Faculty, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Moghan, Iran

Plant, Soil and Environment, 2012, vol. 58, issue 1, 9-14

Abstract: The effects of irrigation regimes (full irrigation and water-withholding at anthesis) and post-anthesis nitrogen supplies (LN: 0, MN: 20 and HN: 40 kg N/ha) on grain yield and its components in winter wheat were studied, with attention to biomass gain by assimilation and its loss by respiration. Fully-irrigated wheat responded to N fertilization with increased grain number (GN) and decreased grain weight (GW) and achieved similar grain yields (5.2 to 5.5 t/ha) at different N supplies. However, drought-stressed wheat responded to N with higher GN without significant changes in GW, and achieved higher grain yields (2.7 vs. 3.3 t/ha) with HN compared to LN. Net assimilation rates during grain filling (NARg) increased with increasing post-anthesis N fertilization for drought-stressed wheat (NARg: 3.8 and 4.5 g/m/day for LN and HN). Apparent whole-plant respiration (RA) was not influenced by increased post-anthesis N fertilizer. Thus, in drought-stressed wheat, the total biomass and straw yield at maturity were increased by increasing N supply. These results suggest that high N supply at anthesis satisfied the grains' increased demand for N by increasing post-floral assimilation, and the surplus assimilates not only compensated for the low-N-induced biomass loss by respiration but may also have increased the

Keywords: biomass; drought; grain number; grain weight; photosynthesis; respiration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.17221/299/2011-PSE

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