Network Pharmacology based Approach on Potential Targets of Ocimum Sanctum

G. Sony, M. Aishwarya Mole and Y. Sabitha

Chapter 15 in Convergence of Technology & Biology ─ Transforming Life Sciences, 2025, pp 153-165 from Shanlax Publications

Abstract: Holy basil, or Ocimum sanctum, is a herb widely utilized in traditional medicine for various health advantages, such as a potential reduction of cholesterol. The single most important risk factor for heart disease is high cholesterol, and although statins and other medications similar to them are widely used, they have unwanted side effects. Consequently, the interest in natural remedies has increased. It is still not known precisely how Ocimum sanctum contributes to cholesterol management, however Holy basil, or Ocimum sanctum, is a herb widely utilized in traditional medicine for various health advantages, such as a potential reduction of cholesterol. In this research, we examined the interactions between the bioactive compounds of Ocimum sanctum and key proteins that play a role in cholesterol metabolism through network pharmacology and molecular docking. With the aid of bioinformatics tools such as IMPPAT, STITCH, STRING, ADMETLab, AutoDock Vina (molecular docking), and Discovery Studio, we examined the compounds of the plant and their effect on cholesterol-related target proteins. Based on our Studies, we have six key target proteins that are linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid metabolism: AMPK, MAPK, PPARα, PPARγ, CYP2C9, and ALOX12.Through molecular docking studies, it was discovered that Ocimum sanctum compounds were binding well to these proteins, suggesting potential cholesterol regulation. The ancient use of Ocimum sanctum in cholesterol control is complemented by computational data provided in this work. By the combination of molecular docking and network pharmacology, we highlight its possible multi-target activity. These findings extend our understanding of plant medicine and pave the way for further research in the laboratory to study the plant's possible role as a natural cholesterol-reducing agent.

Date: 2025
ISBN: 978-93-6163-763-6
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