Early individual stakeholders, first venture capital investment, and exit in the UK startup ecosystem

Albert Banal-Estañol, Ines Macho-Stadler, Jonás Nieto-Postigo and David Perez-Castrillo

Journal of Corporate Finance, 2023, vol. 80, issue C

Abstract: We create a novel, comprehensive dataset of UK-based startups with extensive information on ownership, control, and valuation. Our database provides unique descriptive evidence about the relevance of individual stakeholders in startups, particularly before the entry of venture capital institutional investors. We compare the influence of two comparable characteristics of various groups of pre-institutional individual stakeholders: size and experience. We show that the quantity as well as the experience, of founders, directors, and other individual investors correlate with the startup’s type of, and value at, exit. Success results are very different across types of diversity: functional diversity appears to have a positive relationship with success whereas that of demographic diversity is negative.

Keywords: Startups; Venture capital; Founders; Individual investors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: G24 G32 M13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Related works:
Working Paper: Early Individual Stakeholders, First Venture Capital Investment, and Exit in the UK Startup Ecosystem (2019)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:corfin:v:80:y:2023:i:c:s092911992300069x

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2023.102420

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