Dynamic modeling of cadmium substance flow with zinc and steel demand in Japan

Yasunari Matsuno, Tak Hur and Vasilis Fthenakis

Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 2012, vol. 61, issue C, 83-90

Abstract: The demand for cadmium has gradually decreased lately, because of its toxicity and consequent regulations. However, cadmium is coproduced in zinc smelters, and therefore the production of cadmium ingots and cadmium emissions are inevitably affected by zinc demand. Most of the zinc is used for galvanizing steel, and therefore it is of interest to investigate the linkage between cadmium flow and zinc and steel demand. In addition, cadmium is used for secondary batteries, Ni–Cd batteries, alloys, etc. Therefore, a substantial amount of cadmium is still being stocked and discarded in the form of products, and management of the cadmium contained in these end-of-life products is further required in the future. To describe the flow and stock of cadmium in Japan, a dynamic substance flow analysis was conducted in this study.

Keywords: Cadmium; In-use stock; Steel; Substance flow analysis; Zinc (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:recore:v:61:y:2012:i:c:p:83-90

DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.01.002

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