New metrics and estimates of travel time reliability using large passive datasets

Shihan Lin, Erika Spissu and Cinzia Cirillo

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2026, vol. 209, issue C

Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive modeling framework and empirical analysis of the Value of Travel Time (VOT) and the Value of Travel Time Reliability (VOR) on Express Lanes. Using a large dataset from transponder-recorded trips, complemented by vehicle probe data, we explore the variability of travel time across different dimensions: day-to-day, intra-day, and intra-peak. Our study spans two distinct timeframes: pre-pandemic (January 2020 to mid-March 2020) and during the pandemic (mid-March 2020 to the end of May 2020), providing insights into travel behavior under both routine and unpredictable conditions.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2026.105021

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