Land use optimization in coastal city: driven by port-industry-city integration

Erzhuo Zhang, Peng Jia, Zhongzhen Yang and Jiannan Cheng

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2026, vol. 209, issue C

Abstract: Facing profound globalization, supply chain restructuring and green growth, port cities tend to shift from logistics hubs to coastal metropolises. During port-industry-city (PIC) integration, challenges such as spatial expansion conflicts, insufficient industrial upgrades, and pressure on ecologies exist. Exploring effective PIC integration pathway is essential for addressing these challenges and enhancing port city development. This study builds a multi-objective land use optimization model for port cities, aiming to maximize the output of port and shipping service industry (PSSI), enhance urban industrial agglomeration and improve residential quality of life (QOL). The model identifies the foundational urban conditions required for PSSI, quantifies their weights, and constructs production functions. It then optimizes the industrial configuration based on specified industrial policy and uses the Lowry model to determine housing locations. A case study of Ningbo (China), revealed that with rail-transit construction, PSSI output increases by 8.92%, industrial agglomeration by 3.03% and QOL by 8.73%. This study provides a rigorous quantitative framework to guide PSSI and urban land use as port cities transition toward coastal metropolises.

Keywords: Port-industry-city integration; Coastal metropolis; Port and shipping service industry; Land use; Industrial configuration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2026.105033

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