Smart cards

Jan-Dirk Schmöcker

A chapter in Elgar Encyclopedia of Transport and Society, 2025, pp 366-367 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: Smart card or, more generally, electronic payment systems have been introduced since the late 1990s and have led to numerous benefits. Three key benefits and areas of research are distinguished and elaborated. Firstly, the avoidance of cash handling has led to direct benefits for operators and customers. Secondly, the smart cards have allowed demand management through spatial and modal integration and new pricing concepts that require storage of past trips. Thirdly, the estimation of travel behaviour from (panel) smart card data has led to insights that are used for operations planning.

Keywords: Electronic payment systems; Public transport fares; Service integration; Service evaluation; Operational cost; Demand management (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
ISBN: 9781035330515
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