The impact of US–China competition on AI governance

Joshua P. Meltzer

Chapter 17 in Research Handbook on Digital Regulatory Agencies, 2026, pp 291-308 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: The US approach to the governance of artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being shaped by geopolitical competition with China, a central feature which is the US goal of retaining its AI lead over China. This goal has meant that the US has become focused on limiting access to AI technology from China, along with efforts to shape an emerging global AI governance architecture that supports AI innovation and use that is infused with US and broader Western values. Viewed through the lens of US–China AI competition, the chapter assesses how the first Trump Administration, the Biden Administration, and now the second Trump Administration have regulated AI access to the AI stack – the AI models, AI compute, and the AI chips – and also lead development of international AI governance initiatives that appropriately balance the need to address AI risk while also supporting AI innovation and use.

Keywords: AI; Geopolitics; China; AI Governance; AI Regulation; Export Controls (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035330881
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