Non-criminal penalties for sanctions violation

Francesca Finelli

Chapter 61 in Elgar Encyclopedia of International Sanctions, 2025, pp 215-217 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: The effective enforcement of sanctions is essential for ensuring their credibility and achieving their foreign policy objectives. National authorities play a primary role in detecting violations, imposing penalties, and fostering compliance. While criminal penalties often receive greater attention, non-criminal enforcement mechanisms play an equally vital role. These measures allow for swift and cost-effective responses, in comparison to criminal penalties, which require higher evidentiary standards and lengthy procedures. Some sanctioning states, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, have established specialized agencies to enforce sanctions through monetary fines and administrative penalties. In contrast, the EU currently lacks a centralized agency, relying on a fragmented system where national authorities retain discretion over non-criminal penalties. Although the EU has recently moved towards criminalization, this shift overlooks the complementary role of non-criminal measures. Recent enforcement trends highlight the need for a balanced approach that integrates both criminal and non-criminal penalties to enhance compliance and deterrence.

Keywords: Enforcement; Non-criminal penalties; Effectiveness; National competent authorities; Agencies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
ISBN: 9781035339525
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.elgaronline.com/doi/10.4337/9781035339532.00072 (application/pdf)
Our link check indicates that this URL is bad, the error code is: 403 Forbidden

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:elg:eechap:23591_62

Ordering information: This item can be ordered from
http://www.e-elgar.com

Access Statistics for this chapter

More chapters in Chapters from Edward Elgar Publishing
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Jack Sweeney ().