Quantum resistance

Esra Yeniaras

Chapter 36 in Elgar Encyclopedia of Cryptocurrencies, Blockchain and DLT, 2026, pp 178-184 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: In this chapter, we explore the potential impact of quantum computing advancements on blockchain security, focusing on vulnerabilities in existing cryptographic tools. Quantum algorithms, notably Shor's and Grover’s, pose significant risks to digital signature schemes and hash functions that ensure blockchain integrity. Additionally, quantum attacks on weakly generated random numbers can expose cryptographic keys, enabling chain manipulation and threatening overall security. We discuss countermeasures to mitigate these risks by adopting quantum-resistant cryptography, ensuring transaction security and data integrity. Post-quantum cryptography (PQC), primarily through NIST's PQC Standardization Process, offers cryptographic algorithms that resist quantum attacks. Furthermore, the concept of quantum-secure blockchains involves integrating these algorithms to protect all blockchain layers with quantum-safe hash functions, digital signatures, quantum random number generators, and quantum key distribution, as well as quantum communication networks, enhancing defenses against future quantum threats.

Keywords: Shor's algorithm; Grover's algorithm; Quantum computing; Post-quantum cryptography; Quantum-resistant blockchain; Quantum-secure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035339952
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