The impact of AI on privacy law: investigation on data protection in the modern era

Abhilasha Khare, Aditya Kedari and Pranjali Bawane

Chapter 6 in Handbook on Artificial Intelligence and the Circular Economy, 2026, pp 77-90 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: With an emphasis on data protection mechanisms, this research investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) has altered privacy regulations in India. Current rules for the protection of personally identifiable information are under serious threat from the prospect of automated decision-making, huge data processing, and the re-identification of data that was previously anonymised, all of which are brought about by the introduction of new AI systems. Using the General Data Protection Regulation and the Personal Data Protection Bill as case studies, this research looks at the privacy laws in India and how they fail to address the problems that AI has brought about. By analysing case law and academic articles thematically, three things may be learned: how AI will affect data deletion, where current legal frameworks fall short, and why ethical norms for AI need to be established. Although existing policies provide a foundation, the research indicates that significant changes to legislation are necessary to create AI systems that are more transparent, responsible, and inclusive. Among the several recommendations are actions to encourage international cooperation on data protection standards and to make algorithms and AIs more transparent and accountable.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Privacy protection; Privacy regulations; AI technologies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035343379
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