Determinants of financing of outward foreign direct investment by Indian MNEs

Vanita Tripathi and Sonal Thukral

International Journal of Emerging Markets, 2018, vol. 13, issue 5, 1154-1181

Abstract: Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of financing the outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) by building a three-level framework residing on host country market imperfections, ownership advantages of parent firm investing abroad and the industry to which it belongs. Design/methodology/approach - The paper used random effects probit model. Findings - Parent debt financing of OFDI by Indian parent firms is driven by the credit market development of the host country, the uniqueness of the industry to which parent firm belongs and systematic risk. Debt-oriented firms are found to invest more via parent debt. Research limitations/implications - The limitations of this study are as follows: –first, time period before 2008 could not be considered due to unavailability of data in the public domain. Second, the characteristics of foreign affiliates that spread across diverse host countries have not been factored in. Third, in the case of parent’s industry-level determinants, financial sector has not been included because the financing and risk-taking strategy of this sector are quite different from other sectors. Finally, the present study assumes financing decision to be centralized in the multinational system at the parent firm. Practical implications - The practical implications of this study are as follows: first, industry innovativeness must be taken as a guide by the Indian MNEs to finance their OFDI and they must provide equity. Second, the study suggests that Indian MNEs rely on their existing capital structure while financing their OFDI. Third, parent firms are found to follow the industry norms. Fourth, parent firms must finance their OFDI by considering the development of credit market in the host country. Fifth, host government must focus on improving the credit market development of their economy and not just reducing tax rates to attract FDI into their economy. Originality/value - Empirically examining internal flows in a multinational system has limited the research in the area of financing the OFDI. The paper is one of the first attempts to formally develop a model of factors that shape financing of OFDI in case of one such emerging market – India.

Keywords: Emerging market multinationals; Outward foreign direct investment; Financing; Parent debt; Internal capital market; Random effects; Probit model; Emerging economy; India; Strategy tripod; Institutional environment; Industry environment; Resource-based view; Credit market development; Systematic risk; Legal environment; Financial environment; Growth opportunities; R&D intensity; advertising intensity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eme:ijoemp:ijoem-12-2016-0333

DOI: 10.1108/IJoEM-12-2016-0333

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