Consequences of Mutations in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Sars-Cov-2) Genome in Comparison to Other Pathogenic Coronaviruses

Yusuf Amuda Agabi, Ismaila Shittu, Kennedy Iliya Amagon, James Garba Damen, Richard Joseph Kutshik, Ukpe Ajima, Bukakata Bayero Bukar, Kakjing Dadul Falang, Ishaya Yohanna Longdet, Simji Samuel Gomerep, Stephen Daniel Davou, Jacob Adegboyega Kolawole and Noel Nen’man Wannang
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Yusuf Amuda Agabi: University of Jos, Nigeria
Ismaila Shittu: National Veterinary Research Institute, Nigeria
Kennedy Iliya Amagon: University of Jos, Nigeria
James Garba Damen: University of Jos, Nigeria
Richard Joseph Kutshik: University of Jos, Nigeria
Ukpe Ajima: University of Jos, Nigeria
Bukakata Bayero Bukar: University of Jos, Nigeria
Kakjing Dadul Falang: University of Jos, Nigeria
Ishaya Yohanna Longdet: University of Jos, Nigeria
Simji Samuel Gomerep: University of Jos, Nigeria
Stephen Daniel Davou: Plateau State Ministry of Health, Nigeria
Jacob Adegboyega Kolawole: University of Jos, Nigeria
Noel Nen’man Wannang: University of Jos, Nigeria

European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, 2021, vol. 2, issue 2, 119-123

Abstract: Background: Late December 2019, an unknown incidence of Pneumonia was observed among some residents of Wuhan city, China. The disease named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and declared as a pandemic by the WHO on the March 11th, 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO) has resulted to the death of million people across the globe. Prior to the current COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), two other outbreaks of coronaviruses namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been experienced within the last few decades. This review looks at the unique characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 to the other coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV) and its significance(s) in the control strategies including diagnostics. Materials and Methods: Using the keywords “coronavirus mutation”, “nucleotide substitution”, “coronavirus evolution”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “COVID-19” published literatures on coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 were retrieved from MEDLINE and reviewed for gaps and current knowledge as it relates to evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Results: In comparison with seasonal flu, investigations revealed that SARS-CoV-2 mutates less rapidly which provides an edge in the possible development of a long-lasting vaccine to combat the spread of the virus. Though, several mutations in the genome of the virus with dire consequences on the diagnostics have been identified. Conclusions: The unique importance of mutation as a mechanism of survival for viruses cannot be overemphasized. Several mutations have been observed in SARS-CoV-2 genome whose implications as regards diagnostics and control measures have been highlighted herein.

Keywords: Coronaviruses; SARS-CoV-2; Genetic mutations; Control strategies; Diagnostic (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:epw:ejbio0:v:2:y:2021:i:2:id:17169

DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.2.169

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