Effect of Explant Type and Developmental Stage on In Vitro Regeneration Efficiency of Tropical Tree Species

Cosmos Ebosetale Isalar

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2026, vol. 13, issue 4, 314-326

Abstract: A three-species factorial in vitro regeneration experiment was conducted using Tectona grandis, Khaya senegalensis, and Milicia excelsa. The experimental dataset comprised 3,240 inoculated explants arranged as three species × three donor developmental stages × four explant types × 30 explants × three independent runs. Juvenile tissues achieved 83.33% establishment, 81.78% shoot induction, 4.46 usable shoots per responding explant, 81.54% rooting, and 89.09% survival at 12 weeks, compared with 41.85%, 30.97%, 1.82, 46.67%, and 65.55%, respectively, for mature tissues. Shoot tips produced the highest shoot-induction rate (75.43%) and mean usable shoot number (4.30), whereas nodal segments provided the highest overall establishment among explant classes (68.52%) and the highest acclimatization survival (87.57%). T. grandis recorded the strongest species-level performance, with 67.13% establishment, 68.83% shoot induction, 80.15% rooting, and 87.12% acclimatization survival. The highest normalized regeneration-efficiency index was obtained from juvenile T. grandis shoot tips, closely followed by juvenile T. grandis nodal segments. Generalized linear modelling showed strong developmental-stage effects across the major outcomes and a significant developmental stage × explant type interaction for shoot induction (Wald χ² = 16.45, p = 0.012). The findings demonstrate that complete regeneration efficiency depends on the joint effects of physiological age, tissue identity, species, rooting capacity, and ex vitro survival rather than shoot production alone.

Keywords: acclimatization; developmental stage; explant type; factorial experiment; micropropagation; organogenesis; regeneration efficiency; tropical trees (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:etm:ijsrst:v13:y2026:i4:id:1758

DOI: 10.32628/IJSRST2613435

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