Physically Motivated Water Modeling in Control-Oriented Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Stack Models

Zhang Peng Du, Andraž Kravos, Christoph Steindl, Tomaž Katrašnik, Stefan Jakubek and Christoph Hametner
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Zhang Peng Du: Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
Andraž Kravos: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Christoph Steindl: Institute of Powertrains and Automotive Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
Tomaž Katrašnik: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Stefan Jakubek: Institute of Mechanics and Mechatronics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
Christoph Hametner: Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Control and Monitoring of Automotive Powertrain Systems, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 22, 1-20

Abstract: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are prone to membrane dehydration and liquid water flooding, negatively impacting their performance and lifetime. Therefore, PEMFCs require appropriate water management, which makes accurate water modeling indispensable. Unfortunately, available control-oriented models only replicate individual water-related aspects or use oversimplistic approximations. This paper resolves this challenge by proposing, for the first time, a control-oriented PEMFC stack model focusing on physically motivated water modeling, which covers phase change, liquid water removal, membrane water uptake, and water flooding effects on the electrochemical reaction. Parametrizing the resulting model with measurement data yielded the fitted model. The parameterized model delivers valuable insight into the water mechanisms, which were thoroughly analyzed. In summary, the proposed model enables the derivation of advanced control strategies for efficient water management and mitigation of the degradation phenomena of PEMFCs. Additionally, the model provides the required accuracy for control applications while maintaining the necessary computational efficiency.

Keywords: polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell; control-oriented model; physically motivated model; water modeling; liquid water effects; analytical differentiable model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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