Small-Signal Stability Analysis of DC Microgrids

Alamgir Hossain, Michael Negnevitsky, Xiaolin Wang, Evan Franklin, Waqas Hassan, Md. Alamgir Hossain, Evan Gray and Pooyan Alinaghi Hosseinabadi ()
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Alamgir Hossain: Centre for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
Michael Negnevitsky: Centre for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
Xiaolin Wang: Centre for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
Evan Franklin: Centre for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
Waqas Hassan: Centre for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
Md. Alamgir Hossain: Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Australia
Evan Gray: Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Australia
Pooyan Alinaghi Hosseinabadi: Centre for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-27

Abstract: The conventional cascaded control strategies using proportional-integral-derivative controllers often result in high settling times, considerable oscillations, poor voltage regulation, and low bandwidth. This leads to unsatisfactory performance in systems where multiple input variables are each subject to high levels of temporal variability, such as in DC microgrids (MGs) with renewable sources of generation. To overcome these challenges, a new combined control technique including average current mode and PI controllers based on root locus tuning is proposed for DC MGs to maintain small-signal stability. An analytical small-signal equivalent model of DC MG, including the proposed control, is developed to examine the impact of control parameter variations on system dynamics. The stability of the DC MG is assessed to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed controller, while a sensitivity analysis identifies critical parameters affecting system performance. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated through a comprehensive comparative analysis with a conventional PID controller and a terminal sliding mode controller, which specifically addresses small-signal disturbances. Results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme provides superior robustness against small-signal disturbances, minimises settling time, and eliminates oscillations. Moreover, it offers improved power quality, bandwidth, and voltage regulation compared to conventional methods under both normal operating conditions and in response to small-signal perturbations.

Keywords: control; disturbance; dynamic; microgrid; stability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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