A Review of Hybrid Three-Level ANPC Inverters: Topologies, Comparison, Challenges and Improvements in Applications

Xiaobin Mu, Hao Chen, Xiang Wang, Weimin Wu (), Houqing Wang, Liang Yuan, Henry Shu-Hung Chung and Frede Blaabjerg ()
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Xiaobin Mu: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology, Department of Power Electronics, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China
Hao Chen: Electrical Engineering Department, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
Xiang Wang: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology, Department of Power Electronics, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China
Weimin Wu: Electrical Engineering Department, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
Houqing Wang: School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Liang Yuan: School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Henry Shu-Hung Chung: Department of Electrical Engineering, the Centre for Smart Energy Conversion and Utilization Research, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Frede Blaabjerg: Energy Engineering Department, Aalborg University, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-36

Abstract: Considering the cost, efficiency, power density, and other issues of the power electronic system, many papers have mixed the wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices, mainly SiC MOSFET and GaN FET/HEMT, with Si IGBT/MOSFET in the three-level active neutral-point clamped (T-ANPC) topology, forming the hybrid T-ANPC (HT-ANPC) topology. This paper reviews these latest HT-ANPC topologies from the perspective of the material types of switching devices and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various topologies. The potential challenges of HT-ANPC inverters in several mainstream applications are reviewed, and their improvements are compared and discussed in detail. Next, a brief topology selection and design process are provided based on analyzing various typical topologies. In addition, some future research trends on this topic are discussed. The paper will help researchers to select appropriate HT-ANPC topologies in different applications and have a better understanding of the critical issues to be considered during system design.

Keywords: hybrid three-level active neutral-point clamped (HT-ANPC) inverters; multilevel inverter (MLI); voltage source inverter (VSI); wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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