Review of Hydrogen Storage in Solid-State Materials

Gelin Chen, Deqing Liang (), Zhanxiao Kang, Jintu Fan, Shuanshi Fan and Xuebing Zhou ()
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Gelin Chen: Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Deqing Liang: Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Zhanxiao Kang: School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Jintu Fan: School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Shuanshi Fan: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Xuebing Zhou: Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-22

Abstract: As a kind of clean energy, hydrogen energy has great potential to reduce environmental pollution and provide efficient energy conversion, and the key to its efficient utilization is to develop safe, economical and portable hydrogen storage technology. At present, hydrogen storage technology lags behind hydrogen production and use, which is the bottleneck restricting the development of hydrogen energy. In this paper, several current solid-state hydrogen storage methods are reviewed, including hydrate hydrogen storage, alloy hydrogen storage and MOF hydrogen storage. At the hydrogen storage density level, the hydrogen storage capacity of 1K-MOF-5 can reach 4.23 wt% at 77 K and 10 MPa, and remains basically unchanged in 20 isothermal adsorption and desorption experiments. At the level of temperature and pressure of hydrogen storage, the alloy can realize hydrogen storage under ambient conditions. At the economic level, the cost of hydrogen storage in hydrates is only USD 5–8 per kilogram, with almost zero carbon emissions. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the above solid-state hydrogen storage technologies have their own advantages. Although hydrate hydrogen storage is lower than alloy materials and MOF materials in hydrogen storage density, it still has huge potential for utilization space because of its low cost and simple preparation methods. This paper further provides a comprehensive review of the existing challenges in hydrate research and outlines prospective directions for the advancement of hydrogen storage technologies.

Keywords: hydrogen storage; MOFs; alloy; hydrate; clean energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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