Design of High-Speed, High-Efficiency Electrically Excited Synchronous Motor

Shumei Cui, Yuqi Zhang, Beibei Song (), Shuo Zhang and Hongwen Zhu
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Shumei Cui: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Yuqi Zhang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Beibei Song: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Shuo Zhang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Hongwen Zhu: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-18

Abstract: In air-conditioning compressors operating under ultra-low temperature conditions, both the rotational speed and load torque are at high levels, demanding pump motors that offer high efficiency and high power at high speeds. Electrically excited synchronous motors (EESMs) satisfy these operational requirements by leveraging their inherent wide-speed field-weakening capability and superior high-speed performance characteristics. Current research on EESM primarily targets electric vehicle applications, with a high-efficiency design focused on medium and low speeds. Excitation design under constant-power–speed extension remains insufficiently explored. To address it, this paper proposes an EESM design methodology optimized for high-speed efficiency and constant-power excitation control. Key EESM parameters are determined through a dynamic phasor diagram, and design methods for turn number, split ratio, and other parameters are proposed to extend the high-efficiency region into the high-speed range. Additionally, a power output modulation strategy in the field-weakening region is introduced, enabling dynamic high-power regulation at high speed through excitation adjustment. Compared to similarly sized PMSMs, the proposed EESM exhibits consistently superior efficiency beyond 10,000 rpm, delivering 19% and 49% higher power output at 12,000 rpm and 14,000 rpm, respectively, relative to conventional pump-drive PMSMs. Experimental validation via a prototype confirms excellent high-speed efficiency and sustained constant-power performance, in alignment with the design targets.

Keywords: compressor pump motor; electrically excited synchronous motor; high efficiency at high speed; constant-power–speed expansion; excitation design (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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