Analysis and Detection of Four Typical Arm Current Measurement Faults in MMC

Qiaozheng Wen, Shuguang Song (), Jiaxuan Lei, Qingxiao Du and Wenzhong Ma
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Qiaozheng Wen: College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
Shuguang Song: College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
Jiaxuan Lei: College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
Qingxiao Du: College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
Wenzhong Ma: College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-21

Abstract: Circulating current control is a critical part of the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) control system. Existing control methods rely on arm current information obtained from complex current measurement devices. However, these devices are susceptible to failures, which can lead to distorted arm currents, increased peak arm current values, and higher losses. In extreme cases, this can result in system instability. This paper first analyzes four typical arm current measurement faults, i.e., constant gain faults, amplitude deviation faults, phase shift faults, and stuck faults. Then, a Kalman Filter (KF)-based fault detection method is proposed, which allows for the simultaneous monitoring status of all six arm current measurements. Moreover, to facilitate fault detection, the Moving Root Mean Square (MRMS) value of the observation residual is defined, which effectively detects faults while suppressing noise. The entire fault detection process takes less than 20 ms. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimental results.

Keywords: circulating current control; current measurement device; Kalman filter; modular multilevel converter (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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