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Research on the Influence of Impeller Oblique Cutting Angles on the Performance of Double-Suction Pumps

Zhongsheng Wang, Xinxin Li, Jun Liu, Ji Pei (), Wenjie Wang, Kuilin Wang and Hongyu Wang
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Zhongsheng Wang: Shandong Shuanglun Co., Ltd., Weihai 264203, China
Xinxin Li: National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Jun Liu: Shandong Shuanglun Co., Ltd., Weihai 264203, China
Ji Pei: National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Wenjie Wang: National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Kuilin Wang: National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Hongyu Wang: National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 15, 1-22

Abstract: Double-suction centrifugal pumps are extensively employed in industrial applications owing to their high efficiency, low vibration, superior cavitation resistance, and operational durability. This study analyzes how impeller oblique cutting angles (0°, 6°, 9°, 12°) affect a double-suction pump at a fixed 4% trimming ratio and constant average post-trim diameter. Numerical simulations and tests reveal that under low-flow (0.7 Q d ) and design-flow conditions, the flat-cut (0°) minimizes reflux ratio and maximizes efficiency by aligning blade outlet flow with the mainstream. Increasing oblique cutting angles disrupts this alignment, elevating reflux and reducing efficiency. Conversely, at high flow (1.3 Q d ), the 12° bevel optimizes outlet flow, achieving peak efficiency. Pressure pulsation at the volute tongue (P11) peaks at the blade-passing frequency, with amplitudes significantly higher for 9°/12° bevels than for 0°/6°. The flat-cut suppresses wake vortices and static–rotor interaction, but oblique cutting angle choice critically influences shaft-frequency pulsation. Entropy analysis identifies the volute as the primary loss source. Larger oblique cutting angles intensify wall effects, increasing total entropy; pump chamber losses rise most sharply due to worsened outlet velocity non-uniformity and turbulent dissipation. The flat-cut yields minimal entropy at Q d . These findings provide a basis for tailoring impeller trimming to specific operational requirements. Furthermore, the systematic analysis provides critical guidance for impeller trimming strategies in other double-suction pumps and pumps as turbines in micro hydropower plants.

Keywords: double-suction pump; impeller oblique cutting; identification of vortex; pressure pulsation; energy losses (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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